Debitum Investments Review
- Written by
- Just P2P
- •
- Updated December 26, 2025
Debitum Investments (formerly known as Debitum Network) is a Latvian peer-to-business (P2B) lending marketplace specialized in small business financing. Investors can invest in asset-backed business loans through financial instruments offered under the supervision of the Central Bank of Latvia.
Recently, Debitum Investments has been through a number of changes, with the granting of its investment brokerage licence, a change of shareholders, the arrival of a new management team, and its separation from the DEB token.
Let’s conduct their comprehensive review.
Table des matières
What is Debitum Investments ?
Debitum Investments is a peer-to-business lending platform operating from Latvia that connects investors with loan originators in Europe. Starting from 10€, the funds raised are used to lend money to borrowers, namely business owners needing capital to invest in resources and personnel to scale their operations, revenue, and profits.
Company “SIA DN Operator”
SIA DN Operator was established in April 2019 in Riga, Latvia under the unified registration number 42103092209. The company’s base capital is 758K€, which exceeds typical capital amounts observed in the P2P industry.
Supervised by the Financial and Capital Market Commission of the Central Bank of Latvia, Debitum Investments is authorized to provide both primary investment and ancillary (non-core) investment services to European investors through its FinTech platform .
Their Story
Debitum was founded by three Latvian entrepreneurs: Mārtiņš Libert, Donatas Juodelis, and Justas Šaltinis. The trio had previously established Debifo in mid-2015, which provided invoice financing solutions for small and medium-sized businesses in Lithuania.
Despite Debifo’s success, regulatory challenges prevented the company from expanding its lending operations to other European countries.
That is why the founders initiated the idea of setting up a marketplace where lenders could offer their loans for financing. And in 2017, the idea of creating the platform Debitum Network was born.
In 2019, Debifo had a leading position in Lithuania providing 85M€+ in working capital to more than 350 companies (financing some of its loans via Mintos). This is when Martins, Donatas, and Justas decided to sell Debifo to Factris, a leader in credit solutions.
Although Donatas and Justas continued to work for Factris, Mārtiņš Libert is the one who started to develop Debitum Network. Mārtiņš entrusted the creation of the platform to INNTEC, an IT company he founded in 2012 with Donatas.
The current shareholder
Mārtiņš Libert was the sole shareholder of Debitum Investments until 2023, when he sold 100% of his shares. Currently, the company is entirely owned by a Latvian entrepreneur, Ingus Salmiņš, the sole shareholder, who holds all shares through his limited liability company SIA ZIdea.
After earning a law degree and a master’s degree in accounting/finance, Ingus built his career in the banking and financial sector. He spent a significant part of his career at Citadele Banka, but also worked in various other sectors (logistics, video games).
Ingus currently serves on the board of directors of Debitum Investments and is the Chief Risk Officer. In this role, he is responsible for risk management and strengthening partnerships. He also serves on the board of directors of Zeeverse, a cross-platform MMORPG.
The management team
Anatolijs Putņa is the CEO of Debitum Investments. He previously held the position of Chief Operating Officer from 2023 to 2025. With a degree in economics, he worked for several years in the banking sector (Signet Bank AS) and brokerage (ABVL Capital Markets IBAS, FGS3 / Diagram Capital).
In 2020, Anatolijs joined Crowdestor, a crowdlending platform, as Chief Operating Officer. He remained there until 2023 before joining Debitum. From 2023 to 2025, he completed additional training in project management at the University of Latvia.
The management team also includes Eriks Rengitis, former co-shareholder and CEO of Debitum, who is now involved in another entrepreneurial venture. He still continues to actively contribute his expertise in finance and business strategy as an advisor to the board of directors.
Anatolijs Putņa
Ēriks Reņģītis
Debitum statistics in 2025
Here are some statistics for the current year:
- Total funds invested : 120.6M€
- Total interest paid to investors : 5,4M€
- Average annual return : 12.20%
- Number of investors : 20,800+
- Average portfolio per investor : 3,828€
In 2023, investments on the platform averaged 1M€ per month, in the same range as in 2022. These amounts were below what was offered in 2021 (before the war in Ukraine), when funded volumes could reach up to 3M€ in a single month.
In 2024, volumes funded were clearly on an upward trend, regularly approaching 3M€. In 2025, Debitum consistently offers between 3.5M€ and 4M€ in investment opportunities each month, thus satisfying its steadily growing investor base.
How does Debitum work ?
Debitum Investments is a marketplace where lending companies offer individual and corporate investors the opportunity to fund development projects from small businesses. The investments are guaranteed and backed with collateral, and in return, investors receive their capital and interest payments according to a predefined schedule.
Debitum is a P2B marketplace
Debitum Investments is a peer-to-business (P2B) lending platform focused on small business financing (like Maclear AG). The platform connects investors with loan originators looking for funds for their customers, mainly SMEs.
On one side, we have investors (individuals or companies) looking for financial opportunities to increase their capital. To do so, they lend money to small businesses and receive compensation in the form of interest.
On the other side, loan originators lend money to SMEs that simply need additional cash flow to meet larger orders than the company is used to handling. Their objective is to get temporary additional liquidity.
These businesses (small local shops, restaurants, etc.) turn to these loan originators because of the excessive bureaucracy that has developed within the banks. This makes it impossible to obtain short-term loans quickly.
In this way, these businesses gain access to an additional source of funding, in return for which they provide collateral as guarantee.
As collateral for a temporary boost to their liquidity, these companies present invoices, for example, indicating that they will receive payments from their customers equal to or greater than this financing within a certain period of time (usually 3-4 months).
By connecting loan originators to investors, the Debitum marketplace helps them to raise more capital, meet greater demand and expand their business activities.
They pay a commission to the platform in return for the funding they receive (generally between 2%-3%).
Private investors pay no fees to the platform for deposits, withdrawals, or any other functionality used when investing. From the interest rate indicated on each investment, investors can calculate the profit to be received.
Loan originators
Debitum Investments currently works with 7 loan originators, including the long-established Evergreen Capital, Triple Dragon, and Sandbox Funding. They have recently been joined by Bono House, Foresto, JSC Juno, Juno Finance, and Latvian Forest Development Fund.
Bono House, a Latvian 🇱🇻 subsidiary of BONO Group, a 90M€ turn-over company, specializes in the assembly and the development of eco-friendly house projects.
Evergreen Capital has been providing funding to Estonian SMEs 🇪🇪 since 2013 backed by a personal guarantee from the company director or owner.
Foresto is a Latvian company 🇱🇻 specializing in the acquisition and merger of forest properties that resells this real estate to Nordic, Baltic, or Polish real estate or forest funds.
Latvian Forest Development Fund (LFDF) is a Latvian company 🇱🇻 specializing in the acquisition and rehabilitation of forest plots, which it enhances with the aim of reselling them.
JSC Juno offers expert services to maximize asset value in forestry and agriculture industries in Latvia 🇱🇻 since 2016. JSC Juno owns Juno Finance, Juno Estate, and Juno Energy.
Juno Finance provides financing to Latvian companies 🇱🇻 in the forestry and agriculture sectors. Investments are secured by collateral such as commercial pledges and mortgages.
Sandbox Funding is a non-bank lender to Latvian SMEs 🇱🇻 whose loans are mainly secured by business pledges, receivables, and mortgages.
Triple Dragon is a fundraising company founded in London 🇬🇧 in 2016 that specializes in the video game and mobile app industry, offering receivables-backed loans.
Chronology of an investment
The minimum amount that can be invested is 10€ per asset (the maximum amount is specific to each asset). Capital is generally invested for periods ranging from 2 to 24 months but most investments last less than 1 year.
Most of the assets proposed for investment are amortized with bullet repayments, meaning that the borrower pays the interest on a monthly basis (the last day of every month) and the principal amount at the end of the loan term according to each asset’s individual schedule.
But investors can also find amortized assets with a ‘decreasing balance’: interest is also paid monthly, but borrowers additionally make partial repayments of the principal each month.
At the end of the payment term, the borrower still has a 7-day grace period during which they can repay the loan without additional penalty, but during that, they still have to pay a daily interest fee.
After that, a penalty fee is applied on top of the interest (generally 10% to 18%).
If the repayment of a particular loan is more than 90 days late, then the loan originator has the obligation to buy back the loan and cover remaining principal as well as outstanding interest.
Investing on Debitum
Who can invest ?
To invest on Debitum Investments, you just need to be at least 18 years old and hold a bank account. But Debitum does not specify in its investment services agreement that the bank account needs to be located in the European Economic Area.
Therefore, a bank account located in a country that has Anti-Money Laundering/Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) controls should be able to be accepted.
It is also possible to invest in loans through a company account. The person who opens the account simply needs to have the right to do financial operations in the name of this company.
According to their latest statistics, investors on the platform mainly come from the following countries :
- 🇩🇪 Germany 30.7 %
- 🇪🇸 Spain 12.6 %
- 🇵🇹 Portugal 10.5 %
- 🇱🇹 Lithuania 9.7 %
- 🇫🇷 France 8.9 %
- 🇱🇻 Latvia 4.3 %
- 🇳🇱 Netherlands 2.6 %
- 🇧🇬 Bulgaria 2.4 %
This ranking seems to reflect the languages in which Debitum’s interface is available : German, Spanish, Lithuanian, French, and Russian.
What do we invest in ?
Debitum Investments offers to invest in two different financial instruments following different processes approved and monitored by the regulator : the Central Bank of Latvia.
Asset-backed securities (ABS) consist of a pooling of 5 or more underlying business and factoring loans acquired from loan originators. They are issued by a special purpose vehicle owned by Debitum Investments, and payments to investors are directly tied to the underlying assets.
Buyback obligation applies to loan originators which must maintain a coverage ratio of 100% on the underlying assets. To service their financial obligations, loan originators cover ABS with collateral (pledge on assets or on receivables, unpaid invoices, 3rd-party guarantee, owner’s personal guarantee).
Promissory Notes consist of a financial product issued directly by each loan originator to help fund their clients’ business expansion. Payments are not connected to the underlying assets but to the lending company as legal entity.
The buyback obligation applies to the shareholders of the loan originator. It is secured by a commercial pledge or other types of guarantees provided by the lending company or its shareholders (Ex. a commercial pledge over the claims against the debtors).
Asset-backed securities tend to be more diversified than Notes and offer better control to investors. But in the case of Notes, buyback obligation applies directly to the shareholders of the loan originators and returns are generally higher.
Where do we invest ?
As the Debitum Investments platform is based in Latvia, it is naturally in this country that we find the most loan issuers. However, there is some geographical diversity with companies based in the United Kingdom and Estonia in particular.
Registration process
As with most FinTech platforms, registering on this platform is a straightforward procedure which takes only a few minutes. To prepare for the registration process, simply have your ID card or passport, your personal email address, and your mobile phone number at hand.
To get a special 2.5% cashback, you need to register through our affiliate link (no referral code needed). As such, you will get this cashback during 30 days after your registration on all investments made with a term of at least 90 days.
The platform also offers a loyalty program that provides boosted rates added to the standard returns (+0.5%, +1%, and +2%). You can progress through the tiers either by investing a certain amount or by referring friends. The program also includes referral bonuses and quarterly cashback.
During your registration, you will go through Know-Your-Client (KYC) verification, simply to check you are the person on the passport, and to comply with Anti-Money Laundering procedures.
After that, you will be able to transfer money to your account and to invest your funds as per your wishes depending on your investment strategy.
It generally takes 1-3 business days for funds to appear in your account, especially if you go with international online banks such as Wise, which does not charge fees for euro deposits (Debitum does not charge any fees for deposits and withdrawals). To avoid investment limits, investors need to complete the suitability and appropriateness assessment.
How to invest on Debitum ?
The P2B marketplace Debitum offers both manual and automatic investment (exactly like PeerBerry). After transferring their capital, investors may choose between these two options according to their preference.
Manual investment
Like many other platforms (with the exception of Swaper and Robocash), Debitum offers manual investing. To select asset-backed securities (ABS) and Notes, investors should focus on 5 important criteria :
- Underlying assets: The higher this figure, the more diversified the financial instrument, thereby reducing the associated risk.
- Loan originator: The choice should be based on their experience, financial health, and our objectives as investors in terms of geographic diversification.
- Trust score: Assessed by in-house experts and 3rd-party professionals, the trust score gives factual information on borrowers’ reliability.
- Annual interest rate: This is the annual return on the proposed investment. Below this, one can find the interest rate in case of late payment.
- Loan timeline: This is the contractual duration of the investment, which serves as the basis for calculating the annual interest rate.
Automatic investment
Since December 2023, Debitum Investments also offers the auto-invest feature, which automates investments according to the criteria chosen by each investor. As a result, investors no longer have to choose which ABS or Notes to invest in one by one.
This auto-invest functionality was designed and agreed with the regulator in order to comply with the brokerage license held by the platform.
After creating their auto-invest strategy, investors can customize the following settings :
- Maximum amount dedicated to auto-invest,
- Minimum and maximum rate of return,
- Specific investment period,
- Maximum single investment amount,
- Selection of loan originators,
- Minimum wallet balance (funds set apart from Auto-Invest that investors can withdraw or manually invest).
We may also highlight the auto-withdrawal functionality with which each investor can set conditions under which the monthly interest earned from active investments is automatically transferred to their bank account.
No secondary market
Debitum Investments does not offer any secondary market, despite the duration of the investments listed, which may be an obstacle for short-term investors. For these investors, it is best to limit the proportion of their investments on the platform.
For medium- and long-term investors, the absence of a secondary market is not a problem. Their time horizon pushes them towards investments of several months, which means that such a functionality is of little importance to them.
On the contrary, on some platforms, the secondary market is a way for speculators to massively invest and then resell at a premium (as on Esketit for example). In this sense, the absence of a secondary market prevents speculation.
Is it safe to invest on Debitum ?
In addition to being regulated, Debitum is a solid platform that generates comfortable profits. Investors benefit from a trust score to choose their investments and a buyback obligation, knowing that loan issuers have always respected their contractual commitments. However, it can be criticized for a lack of geographical diversity.
Pros to investing on Debitum
Debitum generates profits
When reviewing the various financial reports of the Debitum Investments platform over recent years (2019-2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), we can see a strong increase in their revenue. In three years, their turnover has increased tenfold, from 138K€ in 2021 to 1.3M€ in 2024.
Thanks to this financial trajectory, and despite an increase in operating and administrative expenses, Debitum Investments achieved a net profit of 111,319€ in 2024. This year marks an important turning point that positions the company among the best European platforms.
Regulated platform
Debitum is a licensed investment brokerage company (License No. 06.06.08.728/537) supervised by the Financial and Capital Market Commission from the Central Bank of Latvia since 2021, one of the most protective in Europe.
The platform is regulated under the legislative framework created by the European Union to regulate financial markets in the bloc and improve protections for investors (MiFID II). Therefore, the company goes through regular audits and must comply with multiple reporting processes.
According to MiFID II regulations, investors’ funds are kept separately from the platform’s own funds and protected by the investment brokerage law. In case of insolvency, the bailiff cannot use investors’ funds to cover any creditor claim.
Trust Score
Since February 2025, Debitum Investments has been using a new trust score system to evaluate ABS and Notes issuers. This system assigns a rating between A+ and F, which is based on three weighted components: legal (40%), financial (40%), and complementary (20%).
More transparent than the previous system, the Trust Score analyzes the quality of guarantees, company structure, credit history, profitability, and equity position. It also focuses on the reputation and responsiveness of the companies behind the investment opportunities offered.
Additionally, Debitum ensures regular monitoring with annual evaluations by the credit committee and quarterly surveillance of financial statements. In case of significant changes, the Trust Score is reassessed to provide investors with updated information for their decisions.
Up-to-date Financial Data
In the previous version of this platform analysis, we noted a lack of published financial data for a significant portion of loan issuers. However, on this point, Management has made changes both for historical companies and more recent ones.
All companies provide very recent financial statements, thus demonstrating both their reliability and their willingness to show financial transparency. This benefits both investors who wish to conduct their own checks and Debitum, which thus demonstrates its professionalism.
The new Management, which has proven expertise in banking and finance, thus marks its difference from the previous team. It allows individual investors to form their own opinion without relying exclusively on the trust scores it has established.
Buyback obligation
For a large portion of the listed investments, Debitum offers a buyback obligation to protect investors. If a loan repayment is more than 90 days late, the loan originator is obligated to buy it back and cover the remaining principal as well as unpaid interest.
When such a situation occurs, the loan issuing company has the legal obligation to sell part of the guarantee provided by the borrower (stock, property, invoices, inventory) in order to recover the funds.
The buyback obligation has been triggered for less than 2% of loans listed on Debitum, which is a relatively low rate compared to other business lending platforms. More importantly, the default rate remains at 0%, a figure that highlights the robustness of the listed companies.
(Almost) zero default
Up to now, legally speaking, Debitum has always maintained a zero default rate, since loan originators have always fulfilled their contractual obligations to investors. The only exception is the company Chain Finance, which suffered the consequences of the war that broke out in Ukraine in early 2022.
A war corresponds to a case of force majeure and therefore cannot be invoked to force repayments. Nevertheless, Debitum has implemented an action plan to enable the recovery of these funds (1.9M€), the size of which remains limited considering the volumes traded on the platform.
In addition to this, the lending company has already recovered part of these funds through the sale of associated guarantees (cars in this case). This money will be transferred to investors as soon as transfers between Ukraine and Europe become possible (Martial Law in Ukraine).
Skin in the game
When loan originators have stakes in the investments they offer (‘skin in the game’), this guarantees investors that their interests are aligned. A 10% participation in a 100K€ investment means that the originator invests 10K€ and investors 90K€.
In the case of Debitum Investments, the vast majority of loan originators have ‘Skin in the game’ amounting to 10% in the investments they offer. Notable examples include Evergreen, Sandbox Funding, Triple Dragon, Bono House, Foresto, Juno, and Juno Finance.
The only exception is the latest originator that arrived in 2025, Latvia Forest Development Fund (LFDF), which does not offer skin in the game. At the same time, it is the only listed company that offers a trust score rated A, the highest rating of all loan originators.
Cons to investing on Debitum
Lack of Geographical Diversity
Debitum Investments is a quality regulated platform that rigorously selects loan originators. Consequently, their number, although reasonable, is quite limited. But we must also add to this the fact that the majority of originators are located in the Baltic states.
Indeed, all Note issuers are located in Latvia, while there is a bit more diversity among securities issuers (ABS), notably with the United Kingdom and Estonia.
Investors would like to see more investment opportunities in other parts of Europe or even a second loan originator located in the United Kingdom. Debitum would strengthen its business model by broadening the diversity of business projects offered on its platform.
Opinion on Debitum Investments
Debitum offers returns at attractive rates on highly secured investments thanks to a wide range of collateral assets. Moreover, the platform is profitable with solid profits and a large investor base whose experience is facilitated by a now well-established trust score.
It’s also worth noting that this is an interesting platform that allows diversification both in terms of the nature of the loans, with the borrowers being businesses, and from a geographical perspective with Triple Dragon, a very good loan originator based in the United Kingdom, or Evergreen in Estonia.
But diversifying between different loans doesn’t change the fundamental principle that the buyback guarantee is only as strong as the loan originator is financially solid. You may mix loans from different borrowers, but ultimately it’s the lending company that guarantees investors.
From this perspective, however, it’s worth noting that this investment platform, which now has several years of experience, has no contractual defaults to its name and that the rate of investments on which the buyback obligation has been activated is extremely low (approx. 1.5%).
Some will mention the situation of the Ukrainian company, but it is difficult to hold Debitum responsible for a situation caused by the outbreak of a war on European borders. This is a case of force majeure that falls outside the legal framework and will take time to resolve.
Debitum Investments has evolved positively in recent months regarding the financial transparency of companies listed on their platform. Both historical companies and newly arrived ones demonstrate reliability by making their most recent financial statements available to investors.
However, one area where Debitum can evolve is in the diversity of securities (ABS) and promissory notes (Notes) issuers listed. Recently arrived companies are serious and dynamic loan originators, but we would like to see other countries represented besides Latvia.
Short-term investors would also like to have a secondary market, which is on the agenda but still not implemented. While investments with a duration of 3 months are occasionally offered, the minimum duration generally remains at least 6 months.
Now, Debitum Investments’ main challenge lies in its ability to attract more solid loan originators from different European countries. There is no doubt that the platform’s Management, which has strong experience in banking and financial services, will be up to the task.
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About the Author
Silvère is an economist and IT engineer with numerous years of experience in business management, FinTech investment and digital marketing. He invests mainly in crowdlending especially P2P lending, P2B lending, and real estate crowdfunding.
Article sources
1. About the platform
2. Companies Registry of Latvia
3. Corporate governance
4. Loan originators and note issuers
5. Statistics page
6. YouTube channel
7. 2025 Trust Score Update
8. Change of Shareholders in 2025
9. New CEO appointed in 2025
10. P2P lending platform annual reports
11. P2P Market data Analyses
12. Promissory notes definition
13. Coverage ratio definition
14. Notes definition
15. IFT Institute
16. Investoru Klubs
17. Finfellas 2024